6. Functional Description

6.1. SPI NOR FLASH CONTROLLER

Nor FLASH is easy to use, easy to connect, can run code directly on the chip, and has excellent stability, high transfer rate, and high cost performance in small capacity, which makes it suitable for FLASH ROM in embedded systems. SPI NOR FLASH, the host and the flash chip communicate using the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus.

The SP7021 SPI_NOR Controller is used to transmit or receive data with SPI_NOR device. It supports the following functions:

• Support 1 byte length or skip command bits

• Address Bytes

• Support 1/2/4 bit transferred mode

• Support 1/2/3 byte length or skip address bits

• Support 2/4/6/8/16/32 dummy cycles or skip dummy cycles

• Data Bytes

• Support 1/2/4 bit transferred mode

• Support 1 - 65535 byte length or skip

6.2. SPI NAND FLASH CONTROLLER

Compared to NOR FLASH, NAND FLASH emphasizes higher performance, lower cost, smaller size and longer life. This makes NAND FLASH very good at storing pure data or data, etc., used to support file system in embedded systems. SPI NAND FLASH, the host and the flash chip communicate using the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus.

SP7021 SPI_NAND Controller is used to transmit or receive data with SPI_NAND device. It supports the following functions:

• Command Byte

  • Support 1/2/4 bit transferred mode

  • Support 1 byte length or skip command bits

• Address Bytes

  • Support 1/2/4 bit transferred mode

  • Support 1/2/3 byte length or skip address bits

• Support 2/4/6/8/16/32 dummy cycles or skip dummy cycles

• Data Bytes

  • Support 1/2/4 bit transferred mode

  • Support 1 - 65535 byte length or skip data bits

• SPI Device Number

  • Support 1 or 2 SPI chips

• Support configurable chip selected, command should be valid only relative chip selected.

• Support BCH auto encode and decode

• Support 32-bit AXI master bus for transferring data between controller and dram for DMA mode

• Exchange to 32-bit AXI Slave bus from 32-bit OCP bus

• Support auto multi page read

• Support auto multi page program

• Support enable BCH function for DMA mode

• Support SPI_CLK is divided from CLK_SPI, and frequency division coefficient is 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/16, 1/24, 1/32

6.3. eMMC CONTROLLER

eMMC is a standard embedded memory standard established by the MMCA Association (Multi Media Card Association). It is mainly for mobile phone products, simplifying the design of memory, and using NAND FLASH chip and control in multi-chip package (MCP). The chip is packaged into a single chip, which eliminates the area occupied by components and the board. The eMMC can be said to be an embedded MMC specification interface product.

The SP7021 eMMC Controller is used to transmit or receive data with eMMC device. It supports the following functions:

• eMMC controller, used for primary boot disk, supports eMMC 4.41 DDR 104MB/s speed mode.

• EMMC Speed Mode

  • Default speed (26MHz)

  • High speed SDR mode (52MHz)

  • High speed DDR mode (52MHz)

• Support Card Bit Mode

  • 1 bit、4 bit、8 bit

• Support Timing Adjustment

  • clock auto adjustment

  • write auto adjustment

  • read auto adjustment

• Support Data Transfer Mode

  • EMMC PIO/DMA/HW DMA mode

  • Single/Multiple block read/write

6.4. SD/SDIO

The SD controller, used for removable media, the SDIO controller, used for Wi-Fi module, both support reach SDIO 2.0 SDR 25MB/s speed mode.

• Support SDIO 2.0

• Support Card Capacity

  • Support SDHC and SDXC

• Support Card Speed Mode

• SDIO Speed Mode

  • Support Default speed(25MHz)

  • Support High speed SDR mode(50MHz)

• Support Card Bit Mode

  • Support 1 bit、4 bits

• Support Timing Adjustment

  • Support clock auto adjustment

  • Support write auto adjustment

  • Support read auto adjustment

  • Adjustment range is 1~7 DPLL clock cycle

• Support Data Transfer Mode

  • Support SDIO/SD PIO/DMA mode

  • Support Single/Multiple block read/write

6.5. I²C

I²C is invented by Philips Semiconductor and typically used for attaching lower-speed peripheral ICs communication. Two bus lines are required: a serial data line(SDA) and a serial clock line(SCL). There are four I²C master devices in SP7021 , they support the following functions:

• Support Standard-mode (100KHz) and Fast-mode (400KHz)

• Buffer depth reach FIFO 32

• Support Read Mode, Write Mode and Restart Mode

• Support DMA function

6.6. SPI COMBO (Master & Slave)

The SPI is Serial Peripheral Interface Bus, similar to I²C, is a 4-wire synchronous serial data protocol for portable device platform systems. SPI is a synchronous-based full-duplex master-slave interface. Data from the master or slave is synchronized on the rising or falling edge of the clock. Both master and slave can transfer data simultaneously.

6.7. UART

UART is Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, the interface is EIA RS-232C DB-9. Transmitting and receiving data at the same time. There are five UART devices in SP7021 , they support the following functions:

• FIFO depth: 128 byte

• The internal loop-back capability allows on-board diagnostics

6.8. INPUT CAPTURE MODULE

The Input Capture module (ICM) is used to capture a counter value from the ICM’s internal counter based upon an event on an input pin. The ICM features are useful in applications that require frequency (time period) and pulse measurement.

The ICM includes four sub module in SP7021 and the detail features of the sub module as below.

• 5 to 1 input signal MUX. 4 external input signal and 1 internal test signal. Test signal generate from system clock and support to scale the period.

• One de-bounce filter

• Three operating modes and all of them can set event times that decide when to trigger interrupt.

  • Rising Edge Detect Mode

  • Falling Edge Detect Mode

  • Edge Detect Mode

• Report pulse width (high and low) for pulse measurement

• A FIFO buffer (depth is 16) which can record 16 times counter value. User can read from register and the FIFO counter will be decreased by one. If FIFO is full, the new counter value will be discarded.

6.9. AUDIO INPUT

Audio IN interface contains the standard I2S and S/PDIF interface, signal recording from ADC, and multi-channel mix. It supports up to 192KHz sample rate. It can also decode the I2s or SPDIF signal and save the data in DRAM for further usage.

Open

6.10. AUDIO OUTPUT

When the audio data has been decoded and saved in DRAM, Audio module will fetch the data from DRAM and encode it with I2S or SPDIF protocol.

Open

6.11. LCD TIMING CONTROLLER (TCON)

TTL interface timing supports 320x240 and RGB888 outputs, 2 simple functions, RGB side reverse and RGB channel switching.

6.12. HDMI TX

HDMI stands for "High Definition Multimedia Interface" to transmit high quality video and audio in a single cable. The HDMI TX IP is composed of video, audio and HDCP cipher engine and intends to be integrated to a SoC to deliver high quality video and audio over a single cable.

6.13. RTC

The Real Time Clock (RTC) is a feature that can keep counting the time using external back-up battery when main system power-off. In this design a 32-bits counter is implemented for time in seconds. The conversion from second to time and date is calculated by software.

This design also provides an alarm feature that can be used to allow main system to 'wake up' after shut down to execute tasks in a certain moment. The alarm setting in seconds, the conversion from to time and date to second is calculated by software.

Back-up power source can used A Super Cap or a coin battery (like CR2032), and build-in charging circuit without any external component.

Associated control registers locate in Group116.0~31 which memory map to 9C003A00h-9C003A7Ch.